Conclusions

5.    An open question: Proportionality and real cause of major extinctions

A sequence of huge impacts associated with the Permian Extinction is compatible with the mortality levels achieved.

However, this reveals a paradox:

The Permian Extinction is more intense only than the Cretaceous and Jurassic extinctions.

What causes are attributed to these extinctions?

1) For the crisis of the end of the Cretaceous, the impact of the Chicxulub Crater and the lava spill from the Deccan Plateau in India are identified as causes.

Coincidental to the lava flow from the Deccan Traps, the Geologist Sankar Chatterjee and colleagues at the Texas University proposed an asteroid impact as the cause of creation of Shiva structure, on the coast of India, which they identify as a crater. At the moment, there is still no community consensus that this structure is an impact crater.

2) For the crisis of the late Jurassic, are pointed as causes exclusively the lava flows of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP).

At the time, the continents were united and the lava spills today are located at southeast of the North American continent, northeast of South America and northwest of Africa.

There is also the LIP Karoo-Ferrar at southern Gondwana (current southern Africa, western India, northern Antarctica at the coastal region of the Indian Ocean, and southwestern Australia).

This is the paradox:

The total volume of lava spills from Jurassic Extinction is larger than the single lava flow of the Deccan Traps during the Cretaceous Extinction — but the level of mortality of the Jurassic extinction (30% of marine life) is less than half the mortality level of the Cretaceous Extinction (75%).

Moreover, the dinosaurs began to disappear a few million years before the impact of Chicxulub, considered the final event of Cretaceous extinction.

To attribute this decadence to the changing in global ecosystems caused solely by the appearance of Angiosperms and Gramineae is hardly credible.

It is necessary to admit that other impacts occurred at the end of the Cretaceous.

And yes, there are strong indications of a series of impacts spread across South America, which, unfortunately, local scientists refuse to hear about.

Now, scientists refused to even listen to what this author had to say and show about the Permian extinction, hence the publication of this presentation.

Judge by yourself if these arguments are enough to validate this theory for the real cause of the Permian extinction.

If so, it will be a pleasure to present our evidences for asteroids causing all other extinctions.

6.    Conclusion

In order that the statistics and results could be compared, in a manner that the extinctions mortality levels be compatible with each other, it is necessary to rethink and re-evaluate the theories and explanations proposed and accepted so far.

If a catastrophic impact event such as Wegener was needed to eliminate 96% of marine life and 70% of continental life by creating a crater and lava spill of continental sizes, then it is demonstrable that only the tiny Chicxulub asteroid and lava spill of Deccan Traps, even if caused by impact, would not be able to generate a level of mortality almost comparable.

There were other impacts on South and North America — this will be demonstrated in another study by the author.

In the science of Geology, there is a theory that has long been consecrated for the origin of mantle plumes.

But the concept of spontaneous plumes needs to be revised in the light of the latest knowledge and the confirmed possibility of extraterrestrial impacts.

Our tectonic plates began their lives in continuous motion from the moment the first one solidified.

The initial impetus was given by Theia's impact and thereafter by the even more intense gravitational pull of our dear newborn Moon – even before it got tidal locked into synchronous rotation with Earth.

Since then, the Earth’s mantle never stopped moving, and the tectonic plates have been forced to drift by reemergence of the magma caused by other impacts that were not registered or were not yet recognized as such events.

The vast majority of mass extinctions – not necessarily all – occurred through significant impacts that triggered intense volcanism.

But the volcanic activity per se, independently of its intensity, was not the main cause of the global extinctions, as life gets to adapt to harsh conditions in a few generations.

For the author, this is an undeniable fact based on the studies carried out, and those will be presented in due course.

The possible answer to these paradoxes lies in the additional studies specific to these events – but for now, we will be left only with Permian Extinction.

I hope that this study will contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics of these intriguing events in the history of our planet, and lead to a better understanding of the factors that put humanity's survival at risk.

This author's studies are intended to make it clear that extinction events are routine and relatively frequent — and if those caused by Nature were not enough, we still have to deal with the action of humans engaged in the greatest extinction, the destruction of our natural habitats.

We need to act, and act quickly, if we are to take our history beyond this century.

I hope this study will contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics of these intriguing events in the history of our planet.

I thank you for your interest, and I am available to clarify any doubts.

Jefferson W. Dessordi

Santo André, SP, Brazil

jefferson.tradutor11@gmail.com

5511 2325-2301

PS 03/28/2020: I am trying to summarize my other studies in a new blog where I will present evidences on the Cretaceous Extinction caused by a burst of craters simultaneous to Chicxulub in South and North America, as well as the impact that originated the Hawaii hotspot, and the 1,000 km crater in Brazil that possibly put an end to the Cryogenian, the craters of the Caribbean Sea and South Sandwich Islands related to the Jurassic Extinction, the craters blasts of the Paleogen Extinction in Chesapeake and Bermuda, the origin of Iceland by impact directlly on the Mesoatlantic Dorsal, the 750 km crater in Minto, Canada associated with iron mines and the road at the crater rim, the relationship between the Wilkes Land crater and Kerguelen, so many things, so little time... but health is increasingly uncertain. I scheduled the automatic publication of a new blog for the middle of the year containing whatever I could list, name of the new blog: The various asteroids of the Cretaceous Extinction. Forgive me if it is too incomplete. My plans were aborted by the pandemic, please try to locate the PowerPoint files on my computer and backup flash drives. Good luck to all of us.

ATTENTION: Blog in reverse order. To continue reading, go to the post below ("Postagem mais antiga").